papaya,

to day let's learn about papaya

papaya is a most important fruit for healthy life. And it contain lot of nutrients.
i am seeking  enhance your knowledge about papaya cultivation.
inhere,
 you can use it for your home garden or any large scale cultivation.

                

Introduction
Generally papaya yields throughout the year. However, month following warm temperature or moisture stress causes skip in production.

in Sri lanka,

 Papaya is cultivated in Sri Lanka primarily as a home garden crop. However, there is limited extent under commercial scale and this extent is steadily increasing but there is no significant increase in production. The reasons for these reductions may be due to some districts which are infected with virus under wet zone. Kurunegala district is the highest producer in the country. Kaluthara, Rathnapura, Gampaha, Galle, Anuradapura, Puttalam, Hambanthota and Badulla districts also have higher extents .

At present the extent of papaya cultivation is 3123 ha, and this extent is more than the forecasted extent in the year 2005 (Projected extent 2568 ha in year 2005, Fruit Task Force Report 1995). Table 3 & 4 shows exports and imports and that indicates that papaya has a good demand for local as well as export. Rs. 0.25million worth of papaya (2184mt) has been exported to Germany, Bangladesh, Bahrain and Maldives in 1999 (Table 2). The amount imported from Thailand and Singapore to the country is more than amount exported and this shows that local demand is high, mostly this may be again for hotel industry (Table 3). The fruit is used as fresh fruit as well as for other processed products such as RTS and pickles etc. Papaya has high content of carotene (Table 4) and other vetanuns.

There is no marked price fluctuation in wholesale and retail prices except during April to June. A considerable quantity of production is lost in the postharvest phase. The highest percentage of postharvest loss is found in papaya (46%) compared to banana and pineapple.

Nutritive value (Per 100 edible portion)

Nutrient	Composition
Water	90.8 g
Energy	32.8 k cal
Protein	0.6 g
Fat	0.1 g
Carbohydrates	7.2 g
Calcium	17.0 mg
Phosphorus	13.0 mg
Iron	0.5 mg
Carotene	666.0 g
Thiamine	40.0 g
Riboflavin	250.0 g
Vit.C	57.0 g

Source: Medical Research Institute- World Health Foundation of Ceylon (1997) MRI

 

Medicinal Values / Uses
Ripe fruit : Facilitates digestion, relives constipation. Useful in treatment for splenetic, hemorrhoids, skin diseases, gastro intestinal disorders, hepatic disorders and diseases of upper respiratory tract (throat)
Unripe fruit : Proteolysis activity, good source of papa in, used as meat tenderizer.

Recommended Varieties(in sri lanka)

Rathna

Rathna for dry and intermediate zones

Field Establishment
Spacing- 2.5 m x 2.5 m

Crop Management
Fertilizer application

	Wet zone	Dry /Intermediate zone
Urea	55	60
Rock phosphate	125	-
Triple Super Phosphate	-	40
Muriate of Phosphate	95	125

Pests and Diseases
Disease - Papaya Ring Spot Virus

Harvesting & post-harvest technology
Value Added Products
Fruit bars, dehydrated fruit for confectionery.

Research  Programme

Program : Crop Improvement

Activity	Responsibility		Indicators	Station
	Officer	Time frame
Collection, introduction and evalution of germplasm	HORDI Horana	I. Madagoda	Varieties	3 Yrs (2002 - 2004)
Hybridization and selection	HORDI	I. Madagoda	Varities	3 Yrs (2002-2004)
Evalution of Indian varieties	Makadura	M.F.S.W.Fernando& S. Herath	Select promising varieties	3 Yrs (2002-2005)

Program : Crop managment & Orchid development

Activity	Responsibility		Indicators	Time frame
	Station	Officer
Irrigation practices	HORDI	I. Medagoda M.A. Roonage	Water requirement Irrigation system Fertigation	1 Yr (2002-2003)
	Aralaganwila	I.K. Warshamana S.H.S.A. De Silva	Irregation/ fertigation	3 Yrs (2002-2005)
Plant density studies	A'pelessa	H.D. Sumanarathne	Irrigation Identify appropriate techniques for dwarfing	5 Yrs (2002-2007)
Testing different dwarfing techniques	Makadura	Y.G. Senevirathne	Tree height	3 Yrs (2001-2003)

Program : Soil Fertility and Nutrient Managment

Activity	Responsibility		Indicators	Time frame
	Station	Officer
Fertilizer management studies for papaya	HORDI	J.M.P.B. Jayasundara	Fertilizer recommendation	2 Yrs (2002 - 2004)
	Makandura MI
	Horana	J.D. Weerasuriya		2 Yrs (2002 - 2004)

Programm : Crop Protection : Activities have not been identified
Program : Post Harvest Handling

Activity	Responsibility		Indicators	Time frame
	Station	Officer
Studies on pre and post harvest techniques for quality improvement	FRU	K.H. Sarananda	work has been completed A document will be prepared	01 Yr (2002 - 2003)

Program : Planting matirial Production

Activity	Responsibility		Indicators	Time frame
	Station	Officer
Breeders seed production program	Aralaganwila A'pelessa	S.S. Weerasinghe	-
	MI	S.G. Piyadasa	Breeder's seed	Continuous

• Variety Rathna was completely affected by ring spot virus. Therefore breeder seed production program was terminated.

 



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